Discovery of danoprevir (ITMN-191/R7227), a highly selective and potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease.
نویسندگان
چکیده
HCV serine protease NS3 represents an attractive drug target because it is not only essential for viral replication but also implicated in the viral evasion of the host immune response pathway through direct cleavage of key proteins in the human innate immune system. Through structure-based drug design and optimization, macrocyclic peptidomimetic molecules bearing both a lipophilic P2 isoindoline carbamate and a P1/P1' acylsulfonamide/acylsulfamide carboxylic acid bioisostere were prepared that possessed subnanomolar potency against the NS3 protease in a subgenomic replicon-based cellular assay (Huh-7). Danoprevir (compound 49) was selected as the clinical development candidate for its favorable potency profile across multiple HCV genotypes and key mutant strains and for its good in vitro ADME profiles and in vivo target tissue (liver) exposures across multiple animal species. X-ray crystallographic studies elucidated several key features in the binding of danoprevir to HCV NS3 protease and proved invaluable to our iterative structure-based design strategy.
منابع مشابه
Preclinical characteristics of the hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor ITMN-191 (R7227).
Future treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are likely to include agents that target viral components directly. Here, the preclinical characteristics of ITMN-191, a peptidomimetic inhibitor of the NS3/4A protease of HCV, are described. ITMN-191 inhibited a reference genotype 1 NS3/4A protein in a time-dependent fashion, a hallmark of an inhibitor with a two-step binding mech...
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BACKGROUND ITMN-191 (RG7227, Danoprevir), as a potential inhibitor of the NS3/4A protease of hepatitis C virus, has been in phase 2 clinical trial. Unfortunately, several ITMN-191 resistance mutants including R155K, A156V, and D168A/E have been identified. METHODS Molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation and per-residue energy decomposition were employed to explore the b...
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BACKGROUND & AIMS Danoprevir (RG7227; ITMN-191) is a potent inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4A serine protease. The aims of this double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending dose phase Ib study were to evaluate safety, tolerability, antiviral activity, resistance, and pharmacokinetics of once- and twice-daily danoprevir in the presence of low-dose ritonavir (danoprevir/r) and in combination wi...
متن کاملDrug resistance against HCV NS3/4A inhibitors is defined by the balance of substrate recognition versus inhibitor binding.
Hepatitis C virus infects an estimated 180 million people worldwide, prompting enormous efforts to develop inhibitors targeting the essential NS3/4A protease. Resistance against the most promising protease inhibitors, telaprevir, boceprevir, and ITMN-191, has emerged in clinical trials. In this study, crystal structures of the NS3/4A protease domain reveal that viral substrates bind to the prot...
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Danoprevir is a potent and selective direct-acting antiviral agent that targets the protease activity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A. This agent results in a significant rapid decline in HCV RNA levels when it is used in monotherapy. The present study evaluated whether plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and neopterin or the interfe...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of medicinal chemistry
دوره 57 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014